1、Basic Properties of Aluminium
Silvery white in color, it can form an oxide film in moist air to prevent metal corrosion. Its relative density is 2.7g/cm ³, melting point is 660℃, boiling point is 2327℃, specific strength is relatively high, and it has good electrical and thermal conductivity, high reflectivity and oxidation resistance.
2、Types
Profile type: aluminum profiles, aluminum tubes, aluminum bars, etc
Plate type: aluminum sheet, aluminum foil, aluminum strip (coil)
Casting type: aluminum castings, aluminum granules
3、Common Grades
The first digit of the grade indicates the aluminum alloy series, the second digit indicates the modification of the original aluminum alloy, and the last two digits indicate the purity of the aluminum alloy in the same group.
1100: It is used for processing parts and components that require good formability and high corrosion resistance but do not need high strength. For example, storage containers, thin plate processed parts, deep-drawn concave vessels, heat exchangers, printing plates, nameplates, reflective devices, etc.
2011: Quick-cutting alloy, with good machinability and high strength, but poor corrosion resistance, is suitable for volume shafts, optical components, screw heads, screws and mechanical processing products that require good machinability.
3003: It should possess the properties of 1xxx series alloys while also having higher strength than 1xxxx series alloys, such as kitchenware, food and chemical product processing and storage equipment, tanks and containers for transporting liquid products, as well as various pressure vessels and pipelines for thin plate processing.
4A01: It has a high silicon content, is heat-resistant and wear-resistant, and is a building material, mechanical parts, forging material, and welding material.
5052: The most representative alloy of medium strength (5083 is the highest), it has good corrosion resistance, weldability and formability, especially high fatigue strength and excellent resistance to seawater. It is used to manufacture aircraft fuel tanks, fuel pipes, as well as sheet metal parts for transportation vehicles and ships, instruments, street lamp brackets and rivets, hardware products, etc.
6061: Heat-treatable corrosion-resistant alloy. T6 treatment can achieve a very high endurance value, but the strength of the welding interface is low, so it is suitable for screws, ships, vehicles, and onshore structures.
6N01: A medium-strength extrusion alloy, it can be used to make large thin-fleshed profiles with complex shapes. It has excellent corrosion resistance and welding properties. It is applicable to vehicles, onshore structures and ships.
6063: A representative alloy for extrusion, it has a lower strength than 6061 but good extrudability. It can be made into profiles with complex cross-sectional shapes. It has excellent corrosion resistance and surface treatment properties, and is suitable for use in construction, highway guardrails, vehicles, furniture, household appliances, and decorations.
7072: It has a low electrode potential and is mainly used for anti-corrosion covering leather materials. It is also suitable for heat dissipation fins of heat exchangers, aluminum foil of air conditioners and ultra-thin strips.
7075: One of the alloys with the highest strength among aluminum alloys, but it has poor corrosion resistance. The covering material with 7072 can improve its corrosion resistance, but the cost increases. It is suitable for forging thick plates of aircraft and ski poles.
Example of material selection:
The product is required to be relatively hard. The surface treatment should be rough brushed or rough sandblasted. 5000 series aluminum alloy is selected, and the commonly used one is 5052
For products with high surface treatment requirements, there should be no sand holes or profile marks. 6000 series aluminum alloy is selected, commonly used: 6063/6061
The product requires a low price. It needs to be rechecked by stretching the shape. 2000 series pure aluminum is selected, and the commonly used one is 2011
The product features high strength and hardness, and is required for load-bearing structures. 7000 series aluminum alloy is selected, with 7075 being the most commonly used
4、 Surface treatment of aluminum materials
1. Anodizing after sandblasting or wire drawing
2. Electrophoretic coating
3. Powder electrostatic spraying after polishing, fluorocarbon spraying
4. Polishing mirror surface and electroplating
5. Wood grain heat transfer printing 6. Polymer PVC coated film
5、Aluminum Sheets
aluminum sheet: 0.15-2.0mm
aluminum sheet: 2.0-6.0mm
aluminum plate: 6.0-25.0mm
aluminum plate: 25-200mm
Extra-thick plates over 200mm
